BREAST CANCER

In the phase 3 PENELOPE-B clinical trial, adding 1 year of palbociclib to endocrine therapy did not demonstrate improvement in invasive disease-free survival in patients with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative breast cancer who are at high risk of relapse following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, according to results presented at the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium.

For patients with node-negative early breast cancer, RSClin, an intergration of the 21-gene expression assay and clinical pathologic features, provided more prognostic information compared with the 21-gene recurrence score or clinical pathologic features alone, as well as a more precise prediction of absolute chemotherapy benefit.

Using 5- HT3 inhibitors and early intervention with loperamide was shown to manage gastrointestinal adverse events oral paclitaxel and encequidar in patients with metastatic breast cancer, according to a study presented during the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium.

Sacituzumab govitecan led to improvements in response rates and progression-free survival (PFS) compared with chemotherapy for patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer who had stable brain metastases in a subgroup analysis from the phase 3 ASCENT trial.

In the phase 3 PROTECTIVE-2 trial, patient with breast cancer who received plinabulin and pegfilgrastim experienced a reduction in the incidence of profound neutropenia that was 53% more effective than that of chemotherapy, according to findings presented during the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium.

The GP2 immunotherapy in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induced a 100% disease-free survival with potent responses as treatment of patients with HER2/neu 3–positive disease who received adjuvant trastuzumab .

Treatment with amcenestrant demonstrated antitumor activity in postmenopausal women with heavily pretreated advanced or metastatic estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer.

Pathologic complete responses were improved when neoadjuvant atezolizumab was added to nab-paclitaxel followed by doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide compared with placebo in combination with chemotherapy as treatment of patients with early triple-negative breast cancer without adding additional treatment burden to patients.

Ipatasertib in combination with paclitaxel failed to demonstrate a significant improvement in progression-free survival compared with placebo plus paclitaxel as treatment of patients with PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN-altered locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.

Sacituzumab govitecan demonstrated clinical benefit compared with physician’s choice of therapy as treatment of patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, irrespective of Trop-2 expression, but greater efficacy was seen in patients with a medium or high Trop-2 score.

Subgroup analyses of a phase 3 randomized trial continue to support a role for the addition of pembrolizumab to chemotherapy in the frontline setting for patients with advanced triple-negative breast cancer, with the greatest benefit derived by those with higher PD-L1 expression by combined positive score.

Compared with women in the general population, those who survive breast cancer experience more difficulty in becoming pregnant and have a risk of preterm labor, although a systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that most deliver healthy babies with no detrimental effects on their long-term survival.

Improved survival was observed among women with stage I-III breast cancer who adhered to a diabetes risk reduction diet compared with those who did not.

Patients with radiation-associated breast angiosarcoma may have an effective treatment option with the combination of oral paclitaxel with encequidar.

Alpelisib in combination with letrozole demonstrated sustained efficacy and no new safety signals as treatment of patients with PIK3CA-mutant HR–positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer who received prior treatment with the combination of a CDK4/6 inhibitor and fulvestrant.

Adjuvant treatment with pertuzumab demonstrated a trend for greater benefit in patients with early breast cancer with a HER2 single-activated pathway determined by molecular subtyping using BluePrint assay.

The cumulative incidence of central nervous system recurrences was improved, and fewer deaths were observed with adjuvant neratinib as treatment of patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer after trastuzumab-based therapy compared with placebo at 8 years of follow-up.

Favorable outcomes after treatment with the HER2-directed lapatinib were indicated by early declines in circulating tumor cell counts in patients with metastatic breast cancer who initially had HER2-negative primary tumors but positive HER2 CTCs, suggesting this could serve as a clinical biomarker.

Sara M. Tolaney, MD, MPH, discusses where she sees the treatment landscape evolving in the future for the treatment of patients with hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer.

The addition of trilaciclib prior to gemcitabine and carboplatin chemotherapy significantly improved overall survival in patients with previously treated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.

In patients with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative, node-positive, early breast cancer whose tumors have high clinicopathological risk factors, treatment with abemaciclib in combination with endocrine therapy educed the risk of invasive disease recurrence or death, independent of Ki-67 level, according to results from a subanalysis of the phase 3 monarchE clinical trial.

In the phase 3 MONALEESA-7 trial, patients with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative breast cancer had a significant improvement in overall survival and chemotherapy delay when treated with ribociclib plus endocrine therapy compared with placebo.

No significant differences in recurrence were observed between treatment with tamoxifen or anastrozole in postmenopausal women with locally excised ductal carcinoma in situ.

The use of whole breast irradiation can be omitted in patients 65 years and older with pT1-2 tumors on local control at 10 years after breast-conserving surgery and adjuvant endocrine therapy in low risk, older patients.

Patients with Oncotype Dx low-risk recurrence scores were classifed with high accuracy by PreciseDx by using only hematoxylin and eosin stain images and limited clinical data.