Abdulraheem Yacoub, MD discusses treatment strategies, emerging therapies, and clinical evidence for managing ESA-ineligible, transfusion-dependent lower risk myelodysplastic syndrome patients, with a focus on the novel telomerase inhibitor imetelstat, as well as treatment strategies and emerging therapies for LR MDS patients with transfusion-dependent anemia who are refractory to ESAs, particularly those who are RS+.