Genitourinary Cancers Symposium

Combining cabozantinib and atezolizumab induced durable responses in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who had soft tissue progression after prior hormonal therapy.<br /> &nbsp;

Monika Joshi, MD, MRCP, associate professor of medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, and co-leader for Genitourinary Disease Team, at Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, discusses the phase Ib/II results of a trial looking at concurrent durvalumab and radiation therapy followed by adjuvant durvalumab in patients with locally advanced urothelial cancer of the bladder.

Edwin M. Posadas, MD, medical director, Urologic Oncology Program, co-director, Translational Oncology Program, associate professor, Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, discusses key takeaways from the ARAMIS trial of darolutamide in high-risk nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Mark T. Fleming, MD, medical oncologist, Virginia Oncology Associates, The US Oncology Research, discusses exciting data seen with antiandrogen agents for the treatment of prostate cancer.

Tanya Dorff, MD, discusses recent data with olaparib (Lynparza) in castration-resistant prostate cancer and the future role of PARP inhibitors in this disease.<br /> &nbsp;

First-line treatment with single-agent pembrolizumab induced a 24.8% overall response rate in patients with&nbsp;non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma, according to&nbsp;findings from cohort B of the phase II KEYNOTE-427 trial that were presented during the 2019 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium.<br /> &nbsp;

According to phase I findings from a dose-escalation cohort presented during the 2019 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, the combination of pembrolizumab and cabozantinib demonstrated antitumor activity in patients with previously treated metastatic renal cell carcinoma and is tolerated at their approved doses for this indication.

Retrospective findings reported during the&nbsp;2019 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium showed&nbsp;patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who received radium-223 dichloride with abiraterone acetate in a layered fashion experienced a lower rate of symptomatic skeletal events compared with those who received the treatments concurrently.

Adding&nbsp;enzalutamide (Xtandi) to androgen deprivation therapy led to&nbsp;prolonged radiographic progression-free survival compared with ADT alone in men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, investigators reported during the&nbsp;2019 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium.

According to data from the&nbsp;phase III ARAMIS trial presented during the&nbsp;2019 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, darolutamide added to androgen deprivation therapy significantly improved metastasis-free survival compared with placebo plus ADT in patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Raoul S. Concepcion, MD, FACS, director, Comprehensive Prostate Center, discusses takeaways from the ARAMIS study of darolutamide in patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

In updated 30-month follow-up data from the&nbsp;phase III CheckMate-214 trial, nivolumab combined with low-dose ipilimumab sustained strong responses and a survival benefit as a frontline treatment for patients with intermediate- and poor-risk advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Although&nbsp;African-American men are at a higher risk for&nbsp;metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and have worse survival outcomes compared with Caucasian men, findings of a recent retrospective study suggested they may have a better response to several prostate cancer treatments.

Findings from the phase III KEYNOTE-426 study demonstrated a significantly improved progression-free survival and overall survival with the combination&nbsp;pembrolizumab plus axitinib versus&nbsp;sunitinib in previously-untreated patients with&nbsp;clear cell metastatic renal cell carcinoma, according to a prescast ahead of the&nbsp;2019 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium.

Treatment with the&nbsp;novel targeted radiation therapy lutetium-177 PSMA-617 demonstrated&nbsp;strong clinical activity and the potential to improve survival in heavily pretreated men with PSMA-positive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, according to phase II findings to be presented at the 2019 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium.

Patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who express higher entropy, a measure of T-cell diversity, could translate to a more favorable prognosis

Novel clinical trials are currently assessing the combination of VEGF-targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors as frontline therapies for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Combining a selective class I oral histone deactylase (HDAC) inhibitor with high-dose interleukin (IL)-2 may boost the latter's antitumor effect in renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Nivolumab shows consistent survival benefit across subgroups as a second-line treatment for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), according to data from an analysis of the phase III CheckMate-025 trial.

Gulley says there are currently a variety of phase III studies looking at new treatments for use in bladder cancer, despite some widely-used agents, such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab, already being approved for other cancer types like melanoma and lung cancer, though not bladder cancer.

Adding celecoxib and zoledronic acid to standard treatment extended survival in men with metastatic prostate cancer commencing first-line hormone therapy, according to updated data from the STAMPEDE trial.

The addition of the CTLA-4 inhibitor ipilimumab to cisplatin and gemcitabine failed to significantly improve the primary endpoint of overall survival (OS) in a phase II study for patients with metastatic urothelial cancer.

The investigational anti-PD-L1 antibody avelumab showed antitumor activity within acceptable safety profile parameters in a recent phase Ib trial for metastatic urothelial cancer refractory to standard therapy.

Hypofractionated radiotherapy and standard radiation therapy demonstrated similar toxicities and neither prevented PSA increases or disease recurrences for men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer better than the other, according to data from the phase III randomized CHHiP trial reported at the 2016 GU Cancers Symposium.

Second-line treatment with atezolizumab (MPDL3280A) resulted in a median overall survival (OS) of 11.4 months in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) and who showcased high PD-L1 levels.

A post hoc analysis of the phase III COU-AA-302 clinical trial suggests docetaxel can produce antitumor activity as the first subsequent therapy following disease progression with abiraterone acetate in men with chemotherapy-naive, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Sartor says the test would lay out molecular data regarding a patient's malignancy and allow community oncologists to determine what would be the best course of treatment. He added that the hope for this study is to replace the "trial and error" method of treatment with something more concrete.

Agarwal says patients whose penile cancer does not spread to their lymph nodes have a 95% chance of survival over the course of 5 years, while survival for those whose cancer spreads to their lymph nodes is significantly less.

Emberton says that in treatment of most solid tumor cancers, oncologists have moved from treating the whole organ to specifically targeting the tumor.

Aspirin, normally associated with heart health, may not extend to the reduction of risk in prostate cancer, according to the results of an observational study.