Dr. Paul Walfish on PD-1 Expression in Thyroid Cancer
Paul Walfish, MD, professor emeritus at the University of Toronto School of Medicine, senior consult Mount Sinai Hospital discusses programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1) expression in aggressive metastatic papillary thyroid cancer.
Paul Walfish, MD, professor emeritus at the University of Toronto School of Medicine, senior consult Mount Sinai Hospital discusses programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1) expression in aggressive metastatic papillary thyroid cancer.
To determine if PD-1 was expressed in either the cytoplasm of the cell or the membrane, Walfish and his team created a scoring system using immunohistochemistry. They determined a score of 4.7 for cytoplasm and 1.7 for the membrane was the required to show positive PD-1 expression.
They found that there was increasing expression of PD-1 as the severity of the cancer increased, with some scores up to 7.
